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Titanium medical application advantages of medicine
Auto scroll Publishers:awangskyTime:2014/12/4Reading:437Times

Titanium has a density is low, 4.5 g/cm3, is about 60% of the steel and light weight can increase patient comfort and function. Intensity is high, than strength, surgery, the strength of the implant level should be higher than that of natural bone, the yield strength of titanium and titanium alloy is 207-1379 mpa, and natural bone is 83-117 mpa, so it can satisfy the performance requirements. Without magnetic; Coefficient of thermal conductivity is small, only about 1/5 of the steel, one-third of aluminum, copper, 1/2; 1/5 of the linear expansion coefficient is small, for carbon steel, stainless steel half; Implants and elastic modulus of the coordination between the natural bone and is vital for prolong service life, natural bone must bend and continuously. Bone of the lower modulus of elasticity is about 16.5 x 103 mpa, cobalt and half of stainless steel and titanium for, namely 102.7 113.3 x 103 mpa. Titanium elastic modulus is low, the body receiving parts is very important, at the same time reduce the additional stress on the interface, extend the service life of the system. The damping resistance is low; Good heat resistance, at about 500 ℃ can still maintain good mechanical properties; Good corrosion resistance performance [1].

Based on the above features, this for titanium in dentistry, organ transplantation and human orthopaedic surgery, and in the pharmaceutical equipment, medical equipment and so on conditions and basis is provided for applications, has a good prospect. At present, the main applications of titanium alloys are: pure titanium and Ti 6 al 4 v, Ti 6 al 4 veli, Ti 6 al - 7 nb, type the new beta titanium alloy, Ti - Ni alloy, etc. In this paper is the application of titanium in these aspects.

Application of titanium in transplantation

Artificial joints and artificial bone replacement materials should possess the following basic characteristics: light weight, high strength materials, with biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, what happens to implant in the body of the response does not cause the degradation of materials, repeated stress caused by fatigue, less damage, etc.

Metal implants are the most important performance type forming, machining and polishing, the expectation of life must maintain function, being fatigue, abrasion, corrosion and impact load without degradation, titanium and titanium alloy conforms to all the above requirements.

Surgical transplant of materials with the provisions of titanium pure titanium and Ti 6 al 4 veli alloy is given priority to. Recently, with the transplanting of human affinity good material Ti 6 al - 7 nb and Ti - 13 nb1-13 zr also obtained ASTM standard approval.

Made from titanium artificial bone cells can regenerate, on their bones can grow, titanium and human bone, epithelial, create organization have good affinity. In order to improve the connected to the bone implant material, the surface quality of coarsening surface of biological ceramic layer is relatively effective method.

Currently, titanium and titanium alloys have been widely used in artificial joint, the artificial bone, joint pedal, broken bone fixator and bone marrow nails, the artificial heart valve, skull, etc. According to statistics, every year in China, the demand for titanium alloy artificial joint more than 5000 sets, the clinical application effect is good.

Application of titanium in orthopaedic surgery

Medical elastic modulus ratio of titanium alloy to stainless steel is closer to the human body skeleton, apply to the human body in orthopaedic surgery.

In terms of orthopaedic surgery, how to use nickel titanium shape memory alloy. Studies have shown that the NT - SMA is wear-resisting, corrosion resistance, shape memory effect, the pseudo elastic and damping performance and the integration of new materials, increasingly broad application in orthopaedics, in addition to the commonly used bone plate and intramedullary needle, mandibular fixation, scoliosis correction thereof, changhai hospital affiliated to Shanghai again to the NT - SMA series design and clinical application, such as NT - patella, NT - arc fork screw, NT - bow, NT - ting device (such as specially designed for reconstruction of the sacrum), has obtained the satisfactory curative effect.

For titanium alloy material applied to the human body, countries are still in the continuous efforts to explore, to seek more safe and reliable new titanium alloy, for the benefit of the people all over the world.

Application of titanium in the pharmaceutical industry

Titanium in the pharmaceutical industry is mainly used for making containers, reactor and heater, etc.

Pharmaceutical production equipment contact with hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and other inorganic acid, organic acid and its salts, and equipment due to corrosion damage frequently, at the same time, due to steel equipment iron ion pollution affects the quality of the products, using titanium equipment can solve these problems. Penicillin, for instance, the esterification kettle, saccharification pot, chloramphenicol thin-film evaporator, analgin, vomit, filter reactor, dimethyl sulfate cooler, liquid medicine filter and so on, has chosen titanium precedent, the production of liquid quantity and quality are increasing, and the quality of full compliance with the provisions of the Chinese pharmacopoeia.

Titanium application in medical instrument

Titanium and titanium alloy has good corrosion resistance, titanium nontoxic, non magnetic, is a good selection of material medical apparatus and instruments.

In the history of the development of surgical instruments, the first generation of surgical instruments use made of carbon steel, because after the plating performance can not meet the clinical requirement and be eliminated. Second to austenitic, ferritic and martensitic stainless steel, surgical instruments, but the chromium stainless steel ingredient in the toxic, chipped, the chromium plating layer has a certain influence to the human body, therefore, the third generation - titanium surgical instruments. Titanium has the characteristics of light weight make it particularly suitable for microsurgical operation. Titanium has corrosion resistance, good elasticity, deformation, etc., resistant to repeated cleaning and disinfection of the surface quality is not affected; Non-magnetic, can eliminate sensitive to tiny, embedded features such as the destruction of electronic devices threat, make titanium surgical instruments is more and more widely used. Has been used to make surgical blade bone, hemostatic forceps, scissors, electric drill, tweezers, etc.

Titanium vessel suture needle in medical apparatus and instruments, sternum sutures, cardiac surgical instruments, one of the oxygen filter of the titanium filter, electrocardiogram machine using titanium electrode, in vitro cultivation machine using titanium to do; Medical ultrasonic mill probe, and blood transport box automatic controller, as well as for titanium ophthalmic surgical instruments, such as the use of are good.

To sum up, because have other metal incomparable excellent properties of titanium and biological affinity, more and more widely used in health medicine, brings people happiness and hope, hope to titanium applications continue to expand and develop in health medicine, benefit to the people of the world.



 

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